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SOLO
The SOLO taxonomy stands for:
It was developed by
Biggs
and Collis (1982), and is well described in
Biggs (1999)
It describes level of increasing complexity in a student's
understanding of a subject, through five stages, and it is claimed
to be applicable to any subject area. Not all students get through
all five stages, of course, and indeed not all teaching (and
even less "training" is designed to take them all
the way).
There are fairly clear links not only with Säljö
on
conceptions
of learning, but also, in the emphasis on making connections
and contextualising, with Bateson's
levels
of learning, and even with
Bloom's
taxonomy in the cognitive domain. Like my pyramidal representation
of Bloom, the assumption is that each level embraces previous
levels, but adds something more:
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 1 Pre-structural: here students
are simply acquiring bits of unconnected information, which
have no organisation and make no sense.
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 2 Unistructural: simple and obvious connections
are made, but their significance is not grasped.
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 3 Multistructural: a number
of connections may be made, but the meta-connections between
them are missed, as is their significance for the whole.
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4 Relational level: the student is now able
to appreciate the significance of the parts in relation
to the whole.
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 5 At the extended abstract level, the student
is making connections not only within the given subject
area, but also beyond it, able to generalize and transfer
the principles and ideas underlying the specific instance.
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I confess to a slight distrust of this kind of "progressive"
model, which aspires inexorably to a final state. I am not
convinced that every subject area fits the model, but nevertheless
it is quite a good guide, and gives some idea of the place
of the Gestalt insight (at the
fourth, relational level). What it does not deal with is
the student who establishes a relational construct which
is nevertheless wrong, and those who pursue wild geese at
the extended abstract level because they are insufficiently
informed at more modest levels. See Umberto Eco's "Foucault's
Pendulum". Original content updated and hosted at
www.learningandteaching.info/learning/ |
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